Where to begin? This book by Ron Suskind, WSJ’s Pulitzer Prize-winning report details the history of former Treasury Secretary Paul O’Neill within the Bush Administration. O’Neill was fired last year because he refused to stay “on message” with a message that was increasingly misleading and not in the “best interest of the American people.” I found the book fascinating because O’Neill is one of the few men at the top who believes in the power of truth. As the last sentence of the tome concludes, “Evidence of what is real–that’s what changes everything.” Unfortunately, O’Neill’s love of truth and of hardcore analysis ran square against the machinery of the Bush Administration, which attempted to simplify everything down to ideological truths. The book paints a stunning picture of Bush, using O’Neill’s interactions with Ford and Nixon as Presidential contrast. Those two presidents would dive into analysis, asking hard-hitting questions and enveloping themselves with understanding. Nixon even asked his staff to prepare briefs that covered all sides of an issue, briefs that frequently ran more than ten pages. If he found out later that they had left a piece of information out, he would berate them to make sure that he was well-informed the next time. Unfortunately, Bush rarely reads memos, and certainly doesn’t dive down into analytical understanding on anything. He is a President guided by ideology, professing such rather unsettling non-statements as “I won’t argue with myself” or “It’s a matter of principle.”
O’Neill struggled to break through to this President, but could not connect. On attempting to explain the challenges facing the country’s economy, Bush would simply give O’Neill a blank stare and not react to anything the Treasury secretary said in his once-a-week face-to-face meetings with the President. He never asked any questions on the spur of the moment, and O’Neill was horrified to discover that cabinet meetings were carefully scripted in advance. Scripted, in the fullest sense of the word, in that members were given little pieces of paper instructing them what to say. Bush would then ask a pre-scripted question, receive a pre-scripted answer and the meeting would arrive at a pre-scripted conclusion. Was this intellectual debate and analysis? Hell no.
Bush isolated himself from the real world, from unscripted experience, as Suskind coins a wonderful phrase for describing reality. Even his father, the Elder Bush, “loved … mixing in with people in China, Russia, the Mideast, seeing what they thought and why, picking up keepsakes, sending notes to keep in touch. His eldest son seemed to move in the opposite direction on this score … That, O’Neill thought, was a shame at a moment like this, with the world on edge and so many people in need. “The war of ideas you win on the ground, walking with the people,” he said later, “not with pronouncements from on high looking down.”"
O’Neill details invading Iraq has been a centerpiece of this Administration, and how 9/11 only provided them with a handy excuse. On January 30, 2001, in a cabinet meeting, an agenda item was focused on how to deal with the threat of Saddam Hussein. A policy memo from Cheney talked about dissuading competitors from building technologies capable of creating WMDs. But O’Neill, retrospectively, contrasted with, “We were never going to dissuade countries from building destructive weapons and maybe aligning against us with just threats and force. We needed a nonmilitary side to our foreign policy, where the U.S. could start treating much of the beleaguered developing world–the source of so many of the threats to our security–in a way that showed we valued and respected them” We needed to do some things that showed measurable good–that the U.S. could be a force for good in people’s lives.” A powerful statement from a wise man. Imagine what would have happened if we hadn’t invaded Iraq, and instead had invested all of that time, energy and funds into rebuilding Afghanistan, into providing Afghanis with clean, running water systems, with medicine and electricity to run hospitals and to heal a nation torn apart by the ravages of twenty years’ ongoing conflict. Then Osama would have had much less recruiting power and we would be fighting terrorism at its root, treating the disease instead of merely brushing away the symptoms. Afghanistan’s people would gain a respect for America, a respect born out of American justice and American mercy in aiding a troubled nation back to its feet. Instead, we turned our back on a bloodied and broken land and set off a rampage Iraq, an Iraq that was never shown to be in collusion with al Qaeda, an Iraq that had done us no direct harm since 1993, an Iraq that was essentially mollified, with its people starving and medicine less under crushing American sanctions. It shocks me that even today, Kerry doesn’t point out to Bush, “Mr. President, why did we invade Iraq? You led us there on a false threat, of weapons of mass destruction that simply did not exist. No harm would have come if we would have allowed multilateral UN action to continue weapons inspections, rather, many harms that have now come to pass would have been averted. America would be respected as the world leader, not as the world tyrant, bringing about the force of its will through force alone.” Of course, even if Kerry did say that, the Bush propaganda machine would be able to twist and deface Kerry’s credibility — anything they needed to do to avoid that intellectual and honest analytical debate that Bush so hates and that this country so needs.
O’Neill concludes, after having been fired by Bush, “Sitting there, I thought about how I expected to find a bigger market for truth [in Washington], but it didn’t turn out to be right. Even friends in the media were more interested in small conflicts than in what was right or wrong, more interested in the push and shove of personalities than in the real conflict over ideologies that was going on inside the administration.” As for the title of the book, “Loyalty and inquiry are inseparable to me,” [says O'Neill] … Bush demands a standard of loyalty–loyalty to an individual, no matter what–that O’Neill could never swallow. “That’s a false kind of loyalty, loyalty to a person and whatever they say or do, that’s the opposite of real loyalty, which is loyalty based on inquiry, and telling someone what you really thing and feel–your best estimation of the truth instead of what they want to hear.” It’s refreshing to know that my own beliefs that “truth is the answer” and that “honesty is the best policy” are not entirely childish idealism. Reading this book about O’Neill has given me affirmed my conduct of life in a truthful, honest, mask less way, being who I am and asking for honest critique and analysis. It’s a shame that Washington is so caught up in games of politics that the real issues are lost, and this leads to the loss of young American’s lives in a needless conflict that could have been stayed a million times over, save for the ideological machinations of the President’s propaganda machine. Overall, The Price of Loyalty is an excellent book, written in a style that is gripping, making it feel more like a novel than an account of history. A highly recommended read, and would that there is a way for every American to read this book before the elections in November. But unfortunately most Americans don’t have the luxury of time to read — their real life concerns press down upon them so hard as they struggle to make ends meet. They gain their political perspective from sound bites on CNN or on the thirty-second campaign ads that flood the airwaves. Honest discourse cannot be compartmentalized, intellectual debate cannot be summed up in a sound bite, alas. It remains to be seen how our culture and our government will evolve in these next critical few years.